ISO 7078:2020 pdf download – Buildings and civil engineeringworks- Procedures for settingout, measurement and surveying一vocabulary.
3.1.26
global navigation satellite system
GNSS
system that comprises several networks of satellites that transmit radio signals containing time and distance data that can be picked up by a receiver, allowing the user to identify the location of the receiver anywhere around the world
ISOIJRCE: ISO 15638-16:2014,4.23. modified — The definition has been editorially updated.J
3.1.27
differential GPS
GNSS (1126) application using only observations from GPS (1125) (Navistar satellite system) and additional reference point or reference network GPS observations
ISOIJRCE: ISO 9849:2017, 3.1.5.3]
3.1.28
real•tlme kinematic positioning
approach for a precise global positioning system (1125), enabling the determination of a range signal that can he resolved to a precision of less than 10cm
Note ito entry: Facilitated by resolving the nuniber of cycles In which the signal Is transmitted and received by the receiver.
3.1.29
differential GNSS
processing application within mobile GNSS receivers (1522). using difference techniques of GNSS (3J..26) observations and additional reference point or reference network GNSS observations
Note I to entry: In differential GNSS applications correction data and additional information from a known reference station are used by mobile rovers, enabling them to improve position accuracy from the 15 m nominal GNSS accuracy to about 10cm or less.
ISOIJRCE: ISO 9849:2017,3.1.52. modified — The abbreviated term “DGNSS” has been omitted.]
3.1.30
testing of measuring instruments
procedures designed to determine whether a measuring instrument (3.12) satisfies requirements in respect of one or more specified properties under specified conditions
3.1.31
calibration
operation that, under specified conditions, in a first step, establishes a relation between the quantity values with measurement uncertainties provided by measurement standards (3.1.14) and corresponding indications (11.12) with associated measurement uncertainties and, in a second step, uses this information to establish a relation for obtaining a measurement result (11.13) from an indication (3.1.12)
Note 1 to entry: A calibration may be expressed by a statement, calibration function, calibration diagram, calibration curve, or calibration table. In some cases, it may consist of an additive or multiplicative correction of the Indication with associated measurement uncertainty.
Note 2 to entry: Calibration should not be confused with adjustment of a measurlrtg system (3.1.19. often mistakenly called self-calibration. nor with verification of calibration.
Note 3 to entry: Often, the first step alone in the above definition ts perceived as being calibration.
ISOIJRCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007. 2.39]
3.1.32
comparator
measuring equipment (318) used in addition to a standard for colibrut,on (3131) of measuring instruments (112)
EXAMPLE 1 Comparing a measuring tape (14Jj or an EDM (151i) with a bar standard.
EXAMPLE 2 For the determination olthe accuracy of an angular scale in a theodoJite (1&4).
EXAMPLE 3 lnphotogrammetry(3,L5), Iordeterminingco-ordinateson photographs usingstereocomparators.
3.2 Quality of measurement
3.2.1
true value
value which characterizes a quantity perfectly defined in the conditions that exist when that quantity is considered
Note ito entry: It Is an ideal value which can be observed only if all causes of measurement error (ILIZ) are eliminated.
[SOURCE: ISO 772:2011,7.91
3.2.2
influence quantity
quantity that, in a direct measurement (311), does not affect the quantity that is actually measured, but affects the relation between the indication (3J.J2) and the measurement result (ILU)
EXAMPLE Measuring tape (lii) temperature when measuring distances.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, modified — EXAMPLEs and NOTEs have been omitted; a new EXAMPLE has been added.)
3.2.3
measurement accuracy
accuracy of measurement
dnsenes% of agreement between a measured quantity value and a true quantity value of a measurand
(316)
Note 1 to entry: The concept ‘measurement accuracy’ is not a quantity and is not given a numerical quantity value. A measurement (lii) is said to he more accurate when it offers a smaller measurement error (11.17)
Note 2 to entry: The term ‘measurement accuracy’ should not be used for measurement trueness and the term measurement precision’ should not be used for ‘measurement accuracy’ which is related to both these concepts.
Note 3 to entry: ‘Measurement accuracy’ Is sometimes understood as agreement between measured quantity values that are being attributed to the measurand.
ISOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 2,131
3.2.4
precision of measurement
closeness of agreement between independent measurement results (1L13) obtained under stipulated conditions
Note Ito entry: The degree of precision is expressed numerically by the statistical measures of imprecision of measurements (ILJJ, such as standard deviation (1222). that are inversely related to precision.