ISO IEC 18047-7:2010 pdf – lnformation Technology — Radio frequency identification deviceconformance test methods – Part 7: Test Methods for active airinterface communications at 433 MHz.
4.3.4 Test equipment
All tests shall be done with commercial test equØment. Numerous types of RF measurement instruments are available with extended features for spectrum analysis, modulation analysis and data recording. The instruments listed below are examples of suitable equipment. Other variants may be used which are capable of making the measurements to me necessary degree of accuracy. All test equipment shall be calibrated by a nationally certified calibration laboratory within 12 months preceding the date of test.
Additional equipment such as power supplies, splitters, combiners and cables may be used as required.
The RF signal reference port for all measurements shall be either an antenna connector, or an appropriate
coupling device such as a probe antenna. The reference port location shaH be identified in the test report,
4.3.4.1 Spectrum analyser
A spectrum analyser or other instrument with equivalent features is required. The instrument requires internal triggering with the capability of capturing the RF signal leading edges, or an external triggering device.
4.3.4.2 Modulation analyser
A means of detecting and analyzing the data bit stream encoded on the RF signal is required. An example of
a suitable instrument is a modulation analyser with the capability of analysing the signal’s central frequency
and frequency devialion. Instruments with olher combinations ol features may be employed
4.3.4.3 Signal generator
It is necessary to emulate the interrogator Wake Up Signal over me frequency range requied for the tag to detect it and respond. For this purpose, a modulated signal generator for the 433 MHz band may be used The signal level for me tests shaH be within the operational range of the receiver input of the tag. The input level shall be specified by the tag manufacturer and shall be documented in the test report.
4.3.4.4 Logic analyser
Instrumentation is required to capture and verify data transmission timing and correctness, An example of such equipment is a logic analyser with memory. The analyser shouki be capable of sampling at a rate of at least 100 mega-samplas per second with a resolution of at least 8 bits at optimum scaling.
4.5.1.2 Test procedure
The Interrogator shall transmit a broadcast or point-to-pomi tag collection command, which includes a tag Wake Up Signal. The centre frequency of the transmitted signal shall be measured by means of a spectrum analyzer or modulation analyzer. It is to be noted that the FSt( spectrum suppresses energy at the nomiial centre frequency, so that the measurement must be made by taking the midpoint between modulation peaks.
4.5.1.3 Measurement values and limits
The interrogator centre frequency shall be within the frequency range specified in Table 1.
4.5.1.4 Test report data
The test report shaI state the measured frequency.
4.5.2 FSK modulation
4.5.2.1 Test objective
The objective of this test is to ensure that the interrogator average frequency deviation is within acceptable operating limits. Note mat me FSK modulation waveform rise time and over-shoot produce power spectra affecting the Transmitter Modulation Bandwidth measurement in subclause 4.5.3.
4.5.2.2 Test procedure
The Interrogator shall transmit a collection command, including a tag Wake Up Signal comprising a Wakeup Header and Coi4eader. The Wake Up Signal Is a regular waveform of sufficient duration to facilitate test equipment synchrontzation over the air. The positive and negative FSK frequency deviations of the transmitler shall be measured separately, evaluated as the RMS deviation over any Individual Symbol-High or Symbol-Low period in the Wake Up Signal or collection command waveform. Alternatively, if test equipment does no permit RMS deviation measurements then the peak measurement may be taken instead.
A mo&lation analyzer or spectrum analyzer with suitable features shall be used for this measurement.
4.5.2.3 Measurement values and limits
A waveform mask representing the base-band frequency deviation appears in Figure 3 showing the limits for maximum rise and fall times, maximum over-shoot and under-shoot, and limits for the time-averaged frequency deviation for any pulse. Al of these parameters are to be satisfied simultaneously.
45.2.4 Test report data
The test report shall evaluate the waveform compliance with the Mask of Figure 3 and record a Passer list the failing parameters. The report shall also record separately the measured Positive Frequency Deviation and Negative Frequency Deviation.