AS ISO 6015:2021 – Earth-moving machinery — Hydraulic excavators and backhoe loaders -Methods of determining tool forces.
3.15
working circuit hydraulic pressure
normal operating pressure applied to the specilic circuit by the pump(s)
3.16
maximum relief circuit hydraulic pressure
maximum static pressure in a specific circuit limited by a relieF valve at a [low no greater than 10% of the rated circuit flow
3.17
hydraulic limit
condition when the tool forces are limited by maximum rdllef circuit pressure
3.1 H
tipping limit
condition when the tool forces are limited by the onset of tipping of the machine
3.19
slipping limit
condition when the tool forces are limited by the machine slipping on the test surface
4 Measurement methods
4.1 Test site and general
The test site shall consist of a level, hard surface, with anchor points and space for using the measuring devices specified in 4.2.1 to 4.2.3. For measurements made below the ground plane, a space below that plane is required for acceptance of the machine tool and the measurement devices, the anchorage and any auxiliary equipment.
All measurements shall be accurate to within ± 2 % or shall accord with an International Standard relative to test equipment accuracy.
In the preferred method, the force to be measured is applied directly to the force measuring device (42.1). If the force is applied via a pulley, its friction should he taken into account. The wire rope (42.4) should be as short as possible to minimize the affect on accuracy.
4.2 Test apparatus
4.2.1 Force measuring device, of accuracy according to ISO 9248.
4.2.2 Hydraulic oil pressure measuring device, of accuracy according to ISO 9248.
4.2.3 Instrument(s) for measuring linear dimensions, of accuracy according to ISO 9248.
4.2.4 Wire ropes and shackles, pulley, safety chains and adjustable supporting frames.
4.3 Preparation for testing
The machine shall be equipped according to ISO 6016.
The machine shall be fitted with the bucket, grab or clamshell and appropriate counterweights, and shall have the tyre pressure, and tyre ballast or track tension as specified by the manLifacturer.
The hoe, shovel, grab or clamshell equipment for each test shall be as specified by the manufacturer.
Where both arm and bucket cylinder tool forces are required, both shall be either actual tool forces or both shall be rated tool forces.
The actual tool force Is determined from measurements and considers variables such as the weight of the arm, bucket, clamshell, links, pins, cylinders and attaching hardware, as well as friction.
4.8.2 Arm cylinder tool force
4.8.2.1 Hoe equipment
Measure this tool force tangential to the arc described by the bucket lip about the arm pivot. Position the load cell (4.2.1) such that it is placed in tension, as shown in Figure 1 a).
For the maximum tool force, the working circuit hydraulic pressure shall be at maximum and the bucket positioned for maximum bucket cylinder tool force so as to produce the maximum rotating moment about the arm pivot.
4.8.2.2 Shovel equipment
Measure this tool force tangential to the arc described by the bucket lip about the arni pivot. Position the load measurement device such that It Is placed tn tension as shown In Figure 1 b).
The bucket lip shall move away from the base machine. See Figure 1 b).
Position the bucket ror maximum bucket cylinder tool force so as to have a minimum distance between the bucket lip and the arm pivot.
No part of the bucket shall be outside of the arc described by the bucket lip about the arm pivot.
For the maximum tool force, the working circuit hydraulic pressure shall be at maximum and the bucket positioned for maximum bucket cylinder tool force so as to produce the maximum rotating moment about the arm pivot.
4.8.3 Bucket cylinder tool force
4.8.3.1 Hoe and telescoping boom equipment
Measure this tool force tangential to the arc described by the bucket lip about the bucket pivot. Position the load measurement device such that It is placed In tension as shown In FIgure 2 a) or Figure 3, as applicable.
Position the bucket for maximum bucket cylinder tool force. No part of the bucket shall be outside the arc described by the bucket lip about the arm pivot.
For the maximum bucket cylinder tool force, the working circuit hydraulic pressure shall be at maximum and the bucket positioned so as to produce the maximum rotating moment about the bucket pivot.
Adjustable and telescoping boom equipment shall be in the minimum extension position, unless otherwise noted. If the arm can be articulated horizontally, it shall be in the straight position.
4.8.3.2 Shovel equipment
Measure this tool force tangential to the arc described by the bucket lip about the bucket pivot. Position the load measurement device such that it is placed in tension as shown in Figure 2 b).
For the maximum bucket cylinder tool force, the working circuit hydraulic pressure shall be at maximum and the bucket positioned so as to produce the maximum curling moment about the bucket pivot.