UL 94:2004 pdf download – Test for Flammability of Plastic Materials for Parts in Devices and Appliances.
5 Apparatus
5,1 Laboratory Fume Hood — having an inside volume of at least 0.5 m3, is to be used when testing the specimens. The chamber is to permit observation and is to be draft free while permitting normal thermal circulation of air past the specimen during burning. For safety arid convenience, it is desirable that thisenclosure (which can be completely closed) be titled with an evacuation device, such as an exhaust fan, to remove products of combustion which may be toxic. However, it is important to note that the device shall be turned off during the actual test and started again immediately after the test to remove the products of combustion.
Note: The amount of oxygen available to support combustion is important for the conduct of these flame tests. For tests conducted by this method when burning times are prolonged, chamber sizes less than 1 m3 do not consistently provide accurate results.
5,1 revised June 10, 1997
5.2 Laboratory Burner — A laboratory type burner having a tube with a length of 100 ±10 mm and an inside diameter of 9.5 ±0.3 mm. The barrel Is not to be equipped with an end attachment, such as a stabilizer. The burner shall be in compliance with ASTM D5025.
5.3 Burner Wing Tip — A wing tip with dimensions of slit 48 ±1 mm In length by 13 ±0.05 mm In width, for the burner. (Used for the test procedure in Horizontal Burning Foamed Matenal Test; HBF, HF-i, or HF-2… Section 12 only.)
53 revIsed July 29. 1997
5.4 Burner Mounting Fixture — Capable of positioning the burner at an angle of 20 degrees from the vertical axis. (Used for the test procedure in 500w Vertical Burning Test; 5VA or 5VB Section 9 only.)
5.4 revsed July 29, 1997
5.5 Ring Stands — Laboratory ring stands with clamps or the equivalent, for horizontal or vertical positioning of the specimen and/or the wire gauze. Laboratory ring stands with clamps adjustable to the desired angles and heights, or a support gauze holder constructed from aluminum or steel, or equivalent equipment.
5.6 Timing Devices — Accurate to 0.5 second.
5.7 Measunng Scale — Graduated in mm.
5.8 Gas Supply A supply of technical grade methane gas (mm. 98 percent pure) with regulator and meter for uniform gas flow,
Note: Natural gas having a heat content of approximately 37 ±1 MJ/m3 has been found to provide similar results. However, technical grade methane shall be used in case of dispute.
58 revised Apil 30. 1997
5.9 Wire Gauze — Having approximately 20 openings per 25 mm. made with 0.43 ±0.03 mm diameter iron wire and cut to approximately 125 mm squares. (Used for the test procedure in Horizontal Burning Test: HB Section 7 only.)
7.2 Test apparatus
7.2.1 See 5.1, 5.2, 5.5— 5.12, 5.20 and 5.21.
7.3 Test specimens
7.3.1 All specimens shall be cut from sheet material. or shall be cast or injection. compression transfer or pultrusion molded to the necessary form. After any cutting operation, care is to be taken to remove all dust and any particles from the surface; cut edges are to have a smooth finish. Fabrication of test specimens shall be in accordance with current ASTM Practices.
7.3.2 Standard bar specimens are to be 125 ±5 mm long by 13.0 ±05 mm wide, and provided in the minimum thickness and 3.0 (-0.0 +0.2) mm thick. The 3.0 mm thick specimens are not necessary if the minimum thickness is greater than 3.0 mm. or the maximum thickness is less than 3.0 mm. The maximum thickness is not to exceed 13 mm. The maximum width is not to exceed 13.5 mm, the edges are to be smooth, and Ihe radius on the corners is not to exceed 1.3 mm,
7.3.3 Material Ranges – It a material is to be considered in a range of colors, densities, melt flows, or reinforcement, specimens representing these ranges are also to be provided.
7.3.4 Specimens in the natural and in the most heavily p.gmented light and dark colors are to be provided and considered representative of the color range. If the test results are essentially the same. In addition, a set of specimens is to be provided in the heaviest organic pigment loading, unless the most heavily pigmented light and dark cotors include the highest organic pigment level. When certain color pigments (for example. red, yellow, or the like) are known to affect flammability characteristics, they are also to be provided.